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						by
						
							preposition
							
						
					
						
						
							 
							
								/baɪ/
								
							
						
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									Indicates the creator of a work: Existing through the authorship etc. of. | przez,
							na | 
			
				
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									Not later than (the given time); not later than the end of (the given time interval). | przez,
							na,
							do | 
			
				
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									(with, the) Acted on in units of the specified size or measure. (Sometimes hyperbolically)Used to separate dimensions when describing the size of something. | na | 
			
				
					|  | przy,
							obok | 
			
				
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									Indicates the amount of change, difference or discrepancy | o | 
			
				
					| 
								
									In the formulae X by X and by Xs, indicates a steady progression, one X after another. | po,
							za | 
			
				
					| 
								
									Indicates a means of classification or organisation. | według |