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sultan noun

  /ˈsʌltən/
  • A hereditary ruler in various Muslim states (sultanate), varying from petty principalities (as in Yemen), often vassal of a greater ruler, to independent realms, such as Oman, Brunei, Morocco (until 1956) or an empire such as the Turkish Ottoman Empire.
султа́н, султан
  • (historical) The holder of a secular office, formally subordinate to, but de facto the power behind the throne of, the caliph.
султа́н

sultanate noun

  /ˈsʌltənət/
  • A sovereign or vassal princely state—usually Muslim—where the ruler is styled sultan.
султана́т, султа́нство

sultanic adjective

  /sʌlˈtæn.ɪk/
  • Of or relating to a sultan or a sultanate.
султа́нский
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